Antonius A 1968 (citation)- defines new genus and moves some species of Convoluta here- p 309- def "Bursa with a cuticular nozzle, genital openings combined, always lying ventrally. Common genital atrium, when present, mostly ciliated, copulatory organ consists of a muscular, tube-shaped penis, always unciliated, surrounded by a muscular seminal vesicle. Both usually very glandular. Vagina often ciliated, seldom with stimulatory organs. Brain insunken. Anterior glands withy the exception of 1 species always paired into a frontal organ. Scarcely enrolled lateral edges. Trimmed with symbiotic alge, rhabdites, pigment and pigment eyes and concretions very distinctive." Lists species: flavibacillum urua lineata actuosa norwegica variomorpha vexillaria krana westbladi thela divae Discussion: a. Two possible ways of development. 1. by combination of ciliated common atrium and ciliated vagina and ciliated atrium to penis. Then loss of cilia in some parts or a fully parenchymatic origin for part. 2. by an original single inpocketing (common genital atrium) divides proximally into male and female parts. b. possibly a development of female elements not from epidermal but added to dermal male parts by parenchyma? Inner ciliated genital organ the primitive type. Common genital pore a derived character: genus Conaperta separated from Convoluta (etc on history of Convoluta) Ehlers U, Doerjes J 1979 (citation)- list p 3, 68. In the genus species differentiated on basis of: color of animal adenodactyls rhabdites eyes symbionts vagina- clearly differentialed or nozzle- length bursa- muscular or thin walled or enticularized vagina- ciliated penis- layers, cuticular needles position of ovary- ? testes ? [Bush note: doubtful as character- depends on stage of development. In all: - outer circular and inner longitudinal - large frontal glands - nuclei not sunken - body not enrolled - common genital pore - food- diatomes and forams - penis- outer longitudinal muscle and inner circular muscle.
Notes from synonyms
Return to Convolutidae Conaperta