Turbellarian taxonomic database

Pseudactinoposthia sanguineum Notes

Beklemischev VN 1915 (citation)- description of new species p 131-141- parasite on sea
	cucumbers, also in French summary p 157.

Steinbock O 1932 (citation)- in Arctic- parasitic in gut of Chiridote laevis.
Westblad E 1946 (citation)- notes as parasitic in Holothurian p 7.
Hyman LH 1951 (citation) -vol 2, p 131- notes as entocommensal in Holothurian.
Beklemischev VN 1969 (citation)- mouth and digestion in p 189, II.  p 404- illustration of vagina,etc.       
Jennings JB 1971 (citation)- in table p 3- mentions p 4 as commensal on Chiridote laevis.
Faubel & Regier 1983 (citation) - moved this species to new genus Eumecynostomum
Hooge MD 2001 (citation)- reestablished sanguineum in Aphanostoma, pp 189-193
Hooge MD, Haye P, Tyler S, Litvaitis MK, Kornfield I 2002 (citation)- Phylogenetic relationships using 18S rDNA, and morphological characters of sperm and body-wall musculature. Hooge & Tyler 2005 (citation) - A parasite of the holothuroidean Chirodota laevis, A. sanguineum has a diminutive copulatory organ that has been difficult to place systematically (Hooge 2001). Aphanostoma sanguineum has separate male and female genital pores, although in some specimens the pores are positioned so closely together that they may be mistaken as a common genital pore, as was the case in Hooge's (2001) redescription of this species. 18S rDNA sequence data suggests a close relationship between A. sanguineum and members of the Actinoposthia (Hooge et al. 2002), and this relationship is further supported by A. sanguineum's possession of a penis comprising sclerotized needles (Fig. 10) rather than a muscular tube. We herein transfer A. sanguineum to the genus Pseudactinoposthia Dörjes 1968 (Actinoposthiidae Hooge, 2001), a rather heterogeneous group that is united in having a seminal bursa that is not equipped with a bursal nozzle

Notes from synonyms

Notes for Eumecynostomum sanguineum

Beklemischev VN 1915 (citation)-
Marcus E 1948 (citation)- includes in his key p 113.
Dorjes J 1968 (citation)- moves to Pseudmecynostomum from Mecynostomum, p 119.
Ehlers U, Doerjes J 1979 (citation)- in discussion includes this species in Pseudmecynostomum.
Faubel A, Regier S 1983 (citation)- move this species to their new genus Eumecynostomum.

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