Turbellarian taxonomic database

Record # 23249
Author
Title
Journal
Zadesenets KS, Jetybayev IY, Schärer L, Rubtsov NB (2020)
Genome and Karyotype Reorganization after Whole Genome Duplication in Free-Living Flatworms of the Genus Macrostomum
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21(2) Article Number: 680
[doi: 10.3390/ijms21020680
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Abstract / Notes

"The genus Macrostomum represents a diverse group of rhabditophoran flatworms with >200 species occurring
around the world. Earlier we uncovered karyotype instability linked to hidden polyploidy in both M. lignano
(2n = 8) and its sibling species M. janickei (2n = 10), prompting interest in the karyotype organization of
close relatives. In this study, we investigated chromosome organization in two recently described and closely
related Macrostomum species, M. mirumnovem and M. cliftonensis, and explored karyotype instability in
laboratory lines and cultures of M. lignano (DV1/10, 2n = 10) and M. janickei in more detail. We revealed that
three of the four studied species are characterized by karyotype instability, while M. cliftonensis showed a
stable 2n = 6 karyotype. Next, we performed comparative cytogenetics of these species using fluorescent in
situ hybridization (FISH) with a set of DNA probes (including microdissected DNA probes generated from M.
lignano chromosomes, rDNA, and telomeric DNA). To explore the chromosome organization of the unusual 2n = 9
karyotype discovered in M. mirumnovem, we then generated chromosome-specific DNA probes for all chromosomes of
this species. Similar to M. lignano and M. janickei, our findings suggest that M. mirumnovem arose via whole
genome duplication (WGD) followed by considerable chromosome reshuffling. We discuss possible evolutionary
scenarios for the emergence and reorganization of the karyotypes of these Macrostomum species and consider
their suitability as promising animal models for studying the mechanisms and regularities of karyotype and
genome evolution after a recent WGD."

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